This style wrench seems to have been re-invented by several different makers over the years. I think the first one made was J. W. Calef patent covered under patents from 1880 and 1883, #226,490 & 273,461. There are also the following;
Larcoloy
Speednut
Cochran
L G Automatic, Red Chief Patent 1,160,160
Webb & Hildreth, Patent 874,269
In addition to these US made versions there are what I believe to be English and German versions of this style wrench. Mechanisms vary slightly but they are pretty much the same principle in that the handle operates a pivot or rack that opens and closes the wrench jaws.